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Insertion: orbicularis oris muscle at angle of mouth. Action: compresses check against teeth, retracts angle of mouth. A tissue composed of mitochondrion-filled muscle cells that also contain neatly packed actin and myosin filaments; the filaments are arranged in cylindrical bundles called myofibrils. In each cell, the myofibrils are all aligned in the same direction and are parceled into longitudinal blocks called sarcomeres of similar lengths. Under the microscope, the ends of the blocks appear as lines, making cardiac muscle cells appear to have regularly arranged striations.
In the muscle tissue, the cardiac muscle cells are connected in branching networks. Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, subclavius, subscapularis, or teres major muscle. Internal eye muscle. Origin: edges of sclera. Insertion: ciliary process of lens. Action: allows lens to become more curved to focus on near objects. One of the major muscles that stabilizes and controls the pressure inside the trunk; these are the pelvic floor, abdominal wall, back, and diaphragm muscles.
Origin: medial part of supraorbital margin. Insertion: skin above middle of eyebrow. Action: pulls eyebrows toward midline and downward. Spermatic cord muscle. Origin: inguinal ligament and pubic tubercle. Insertion: cremasteric fascia covering spermatic cord. Nerve: genitofemoral L1-L2. Action: elevates testis in males. The lateral or the posterior cricoarytenoid — laryngeal muscles.
Origin: cricoid cartilage. Insertion: muscular process of arytenoid cartilage. Nerve: recurrent laryngeal of the vagus CN X. Action: rotates arytenoid cartilages for vocalizations. Laryngeal muscle. Insertion: lower edges of thyroid cartilage. Nerve: superior laryngeal of the vagus CN X. Action: tenses stretches vocal cords. One of the various neck muscles that surround the vertebral column and base of the skull and which are contained in the prevertebral cylinder of deep cervical fascia.
All these muscles are innervated by cervical spinal nerves, and most of these muscles act primarily to move and stabilize the head. Shoulder muscle. Origin: a bony ellipse from the lateral third of the clavicle over the acromial process and along the spine of the scapula. Insertion: deltoid tuberosity on the lateral shaft of the humerus. Nerve: axillary C5-C6. Action: abducts arm. The three-layered muscular wall of the urinary bladder.
Nerve: primarily parasympathetic S2-S4 , secondarily sympathetic TL2. Action: empties bladder. Origin: internal surfaces of lower six ribs, xiphoid process, vertebral bodies L1-L3.
Insertion: central tendon of diaphragm. Nerve: phrenic, lower six intercostals. Action: inflates lungs. Neck muscle with two bellies. Origin: anterior belly attaches to the digastric fossa in mandible at base of anterior midline, posterior belly attaches to mastoid process. Insertion: tendon connecting both bellies in a loop of fascia that is attached to hyoid bone. Action: lowers mandible and raises hyoid bone.
Three adjacent vertical bands of deep back muscles — the iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis muscles. Origins: a wide tendon running along the iliac crest to the sacrum, the lower lumbar and sacral spinous processes.
Insertions: along the back in the angles of the lower ribs, transverse processes of the thoracic and cervical vertebrae. Nerves: dorsal rami of the spinal nerves. Actions: extends bends backward the vertebral column and neck, twists the back. Forearm muscle. Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, proximal edge of ulna. Insertion: proximal end of fifth metacarpal. Nerve: radial C7-C8. Action: adducts hand, extends wrist. Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus. Insertion: common extensor tendon of fingers.
Action: extends fingers and wrist. Foot muscle. Origin: dorsolateral surface of calcaneus. Insertion: extensor tendons of toes. Nerve: deep peroneal S1-S2. Action: extends toes. Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, upper three-fourths of fibula.
Insertion: extensor tendons of toes Nerve: deep peroneal L5-S1. Action: extends toes, dorsiflexes foot. Origin: middle of fibula. Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of big toe. Action: dorsiflexes big toe. The outer layer of muscles between the ribs, originating on the lower margin of each rib and inserted on the upper margin of the next rib.
During inspiration, they draw adjacent ribs together, pulling them upward and outward, and increasing the volume of the chest cavity.
They are controlled by the intercostal nerves. Abdominal wall muscle. Origin: lower costal margin. Insertion: anterior half of iliac crest, rectus sheath, inguinal ligament. Nerve: intercostals , iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal L1.
Action: tenses and compresses abdomen, flexes and laterally rotates spine, lowers rib cage. Six muscles that attach outside the eyeball and that move the eye in its socket. The EOM are: the inferior and superior oblique muscles, and the lateral, medial, inferior, and superior rectus muscles. Scalp: frontalis and occipitalis muscles.
Ear: anterior, posterior, and superior auricular muscles. Eye: orbicularis oculi. Nose: depressor septi, nasalis, and procerus muscles. Mouth: buccinator, depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, levator anguli oris, levator labii superioris, mentalis, orbicularis oris, risorius, and zygomaticus muscle.
Neck: platysma. A muscle that steadies a part so that more precise movements in a related structure may be accomplished. Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus. Insertion: bases of second and third metacarpals. Nerve: median C6-C7. Action: abducts hand, flexes wrist. Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, medial side of olecranon, proximal posterior edge of ulna.
Insertion: pisiform, hamate, and base of fifth metacarpal. Nerve: ulnar C7-C8. Action: adducts hand, flexes wrist. Origin: posterior surface of middle tibia. Insertion: distal phalanges of toes Nerve: tibial S2-S3. Action: flexes toes , plantarflexes foot.
Origin: proximal three-fourths of ulna. Insertion: distal phalanges of fingers digits Nerve: ulnar, median C8-T1. Action: flexes distal finger joints, aids in wrist flexion. Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna. Insertion: middle phalanges of fingers digits Nerve: median C7-T1.
Action: flexes fingers and wrist. Origin: distal two-thirds of posterior tibia. Insertion: plantar side of distal phalanx of big toe.
Action: flexes big toe, plantarflexes foot. A muscle of the hand originating on the flexor retinaculum and trapezium, trapezoid, and capitate and inserted on the lateral side of the base of the first phalanx of the thumb. It flexes the thumb at both the carpometacarpal joint and the metacarpophalangeal joint and is controlled by the median and the ulnar nerves.
Origin: coronoid process of ulna, anterior surface of radius. Insertion: distal phalanx of thumb. Action: flexes thumb. Dorsal: dorsal interosseous, extensor digitorum brevis, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, and tibialis anterior muscles. Plantar: abductor digiti minimi, abductor hallucis, adductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor digiti minimi brevis, flexor hallucis brevis, lumbrical, plantar interosseous, and quadratus plantae muscles.
Front half of occipitofrontalis muscle — a facial muscle. Origin: epicranial scalp aponeurosis. Insertion: skin of eyebrows, root of nose. Action: elevates eyebrows, wrinkles forehead. Origin: medial condyle of femur, lateral condyle of femur.
Insertion: calcaneus via Achilles tendon. Nerve: tibial S1-S2. Action: plantarflexes foot, flexes knee. Either of the two muscles that attach to the medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur the trochanteric fossa where they mesh with the tendon of the obturator internus muscle. The superior gemellus muscle arises from the ischial spine and is innervated by the nerve to the obturator internus; the inferior arises from the ischial tuberosity and is innervated by the femoral nerve.
Both muscles hold the head of the femur in the acetabulum, rotate laterally the thigh in extension, and abduct the thigh when it is flexed. Tongue muscle. Origin: genial tubercle on inside of mandibular symphysis.
Insertion: ventral tongue, hyoid bone. Action: protrudes and depresses tongue. Thigh muscle. Origin: upper outer edge of ilium and sacrum. Insertion: iliotibial tract of fascia lata, gluteal tuberosity of femur.
Nerve: inferior gluteal L5-S2. Action: extends, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh. Origin: lower half of ilium. Insertion: proximal medial tibia. Nerve: obturator L2-L3. Action: adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh. Origin: lower half of pubis. Posterior thigh muscles that originate on the ischial tuberosity and act across both the hip and knee joints; they are the biceps femoris, gracilis, sartorius, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus muscles.
Abductor digiti minimi, abductor pollicis brevis, adductor pollicis, dorsal interosseous, flexor digiti minimi, flexor pollicis brevis, lumbrical, opponens digiti minimi, opponens pollicis, palmaris brevis, and palmar interosseous muscles. A sheet of muscle extending up from the hyoid bone to the ipsilateral base and sides of the tongue. It depresses the sides of the tongue and is innervated by cranial nerve XII hypoglossal nerve.
Origin: iliac fossa. Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur, psoas major tendon. Nerve: femoral L2-L3. Action: flexes thigh. Extraocular muscle. Origin: inside front lower margin of maxillary part of orbit. Insertion: lateral surface of eyeball behind its equator. Action: turns eye up and outward with lateral rotation. Origin: tendinous ring around optic nerve at rear of orbit. Insertion: lower edge of eyeball in front of its equator.
Action: turns eye down and medially. Origin: medial two-thirds of infraspinatus fossa of scapula. Insertion: posterior side of greater tubercle of humerus. Nerve: suprascapular C4-C6. Action: rotates arm laterally. The muscles between the ribs, lying beneath the external intercostals. During expiration, they pull the ribs downward and inward, decreasing the volume of the chest cavity and contributing to a forced exhalation.
A muscle that has both its origin and insertion within a structure, as intrinsic muscles of the tongue, eye, hand, or foot.
Any of six short muscles inside the larynx that move the vocal apparatus and except for the cricothyroid muscle are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve CN X. One of the mastication muscles.
Origin: greater wing of sphenoid bone, lateral pterygoid plate. Insertion: pterygoid fovea of condyle of mandible. Nerve: trigeminal CN V. Action: opens mouth, protrudes mandible.
Insertion: temporal edge of eyeball in front of its equator. Nerve: abducens CN VI. Action: turns eye laterally. Back muscle. Origin: spinous processes of vertebrae T7-S3, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest. Insertion: bicipital groove of humerus. Nerve: thoracodorsal C6-C8. Action: adducts, extends, and medially rotates arm. Anterior and lateral: extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, peroneus, peroneus longus, peroneus tertius, and tibialis anterior muscles.
Posterior: flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, gastrocnemius, plantaris, popliteus, soleus, and tibialis posterior muscles. The set of pelvic floor muscles, which include the iliococcygeus, levator prostatae or vaginal sphincter, pubococcygeus, and puborectalis muscles.
Origins: insides of pelvic bones pubis, arcus tendinaeus, ischial spine, and sacrospinous ligament. Insertions: perineal body, coccyx, anococcygeal ligament, lower sacrum. Nerve: perineal of spinal S4, pudendal. Action: supports pelvic viscera, contributes to urethral, vaginal, and anal sphincter actions. Eyelid muscle. Origin: inner roof of orbit. Insertion: skin and tarsal plate of upper eyelid. Action: raises upper eyelid. Hand and foot muscles. Origins: tendons of flexor digitorum profundus or flexor digitorum longus.
Insertions: extensor tendons of digits Nerve, hand: median C8-T1 , ulnar C8-T1. Nerve, foot: medial plantar S2-S3 , lateral plantar S2-S3. Action: flex the straightened digits specifically, flex the metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joints while extending the interphalangeal joints. Muscle of mastication. Origin: zygomatic process of maxilla, zygomatic arch.
Insertion: coronoid process, lower half of ramus, and angle of mandible. Action: elevates mandible to close jaw. The chewing muscle, which is innervated by the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve CN V. These muscles include the masseter, temporalis, and medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. Synonym: chewing muscle. Origin: lateral pterygoid plate.
Insertion: medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible. Action: closes mouth, protrudes mouth, moves jaw sideways. Insertion: nasal edge of eyeball in front of its equator. Action: turns eye medially. Origin: incisive fossa at front of mandible. Insertion: skin of chin. Action: raises and protrudes lower lip. Facial muscles. Synonym: muscles of facial expression. A muscle with several tendons of origin and several tendons of insertion, in which fibers pass obliquely from a tendon of origin to a tendon of insertion on each side.
See: bipennate muscle for illus. Neck muscle. Origin: mylohyoid line of mandible. Insertion: hyoid bone, mylohyoid raphe. Action: elevates hyoid and larynx, lowers jaw. Anterior and lateral: digastric, geniohyoid, mylohyoid, omohyoid, platysma, sternocleidomastoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, stylohyoid, and thyrohyoid muscles. Posterior: levator scapulae, scalene muscles, and trapezius.
Suboccipital: obliquus capitis and rectus capitis muscles. A muscle of the hand originating on the trapezium and flexor retinaculum and inserted in the first metacarpal. It flexes and adducts the thumb brings it across the palm and is controlled by the median nerve. Origin: completely surrounds eye, attaches to medial palpebral ligament and adjacent bones and lacrimal crest and adjacent bones.
Insertion: medial palpebral raphe after encircling orbit , lateral palpebral raphe, tarsi of eyelids. Origin: adjacent facial muscles that surround mouth. Insertion: into itself and skin of lips while encircling mouth. Action: closes and purses lips. Levator veli palatini, musculus uvulae, palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, pharyngeal constrictor, salpingopharyngeus, and tensor veli palatine muscles.
Insertion: palmar surface of flexor retinaculum, palmar aponeurosis. Nerve: median C7-C8. Action: flexes hand. Internal conical heart muscles. Origin: ventricular wall. Insertion: tricuspid and mitral valve leaflets via chordae tendinae. Action: anchor leaflets of valves during heart contractions. Chest wall muscle.
Origin: medial half of clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages Insertion: lateral edge of bicipital groove of humerus. Nerve: lateral and medial pectoral C5-T1. Action: adducts and medially rotates arm. Origin: Anterior medial surface of ribs Insertion: coracoid process of scapula. Nerve: lateral and medial pectoral C6-C8. Action: pulls shoulder forward and down, elevates rib cage. Origin: lateral two-thirds of fibula.
Insertion: medial cuneiform bone, base of first metatarsal. Nerve: superficial peroneal L5-S1. Action: everts and plantar flexes foot. Cricothyroid, genioglossus, geniohyoid, hyoglossus, palatoglossus, pharyngeal constrictor, styloglossus, stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, and thyrohyoid muscles.
Origin: anterior surface of sacrum. Insertion: upper part of greater trochanter of femur. Nerve: spinal L5-S2.
Action: laterally rotates thigh. Neck and facial muscle. Origin: superficial fascia of upper chest. Insertion: skin of lower face. Action: lowers jaw, widens neck. A muscle that arises in the skin over the nose and is connected to the forehead. It acts to draw the eyebrows down. Insertion: lateral side of middle of radius. Action: pronates forearm. Origin: bodies of vertebrae TL1. Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur. Question: How is «each unique source» defined? AMA answer: An external physician or other QHP who is not in the same group practice or is of a different specialty or subspecialty.
The individual may also be a facility or organizational provider such as from a hospital, nursing facility, or home health care agency. Question: Who qualifies as an independent historian? AMA answer: An individual e. In the case where there may be conflict or poor communication between multiple historians and more than one historian is needed, the independent historian requirement is met. Question: What constitutes «moderate» in Category I? Is it three out of the four possible bullets or three from any combination in this category?
AMA answer: The requirements in the category can be met any way as long as there are 3. There is a lot of flexibility to meet the requirements in this category. As long as there are at least three elements i.
AMA answer: No. To qualify, discussion requires two-way communication. Question: How is «appropriate source for the purpose of the discussion of management» defined? AMA answer: An appropriate source includes professionals who are not health care professionals, but may be involved in the management of the patient e.
It does not include discussion with family or informal caregivers. Question: Is minor or major surgery defined by global periods as it is for coding? Question: What are «social determinants of health?
Examples may include food or housing insecurity. Find out about the Academy’s private consulting services. About Foundation Museum of the Eye. About Our Coding Experts About Our Coding Experts Our expert staff have decades of combined experience, covering all aspects of coding and reimbursement. David B. Email coding aao. DEC 23, Question: Does staff time count? Question: How is «a stable, chronic illness» defined? This includes licensed professionals who are practicing independently. All 3 can be ordering tests or there can be 2 ordered tests and 1 review of a test result.
Auditproof Your Evaluations for Cataract Surgery.
What does e/m mean in medical terms.What is the E/M medical abbreviation?
The causative agent is human parvovirus B Transmission is thought to be via respiratory secretions from infected patients; however, maternal-fetal transmission can occur and hemolytic disease of the newborn may result. Patients experience a mild, brief illness; complaints include fever, malaise, headache, and pruritus. The characteristic erythema appears ferms 10 days later.
Facial redness is similar to that which occurs when a child is slapped; however, circumoral redness is absent.
Several days following initial erythema, a less distinct rash may appear on the extremities and trunk. The rash usually resolves within 1 week but may occur for several weeks when the patient is ih to heat, cold, exercise, or stress.
Adults may also experience arthralgia and arthritis although mmedical symptoms are less common in children. In addition, mild transient anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia may develop. Most patients require no specific therapy. Patients with chronic hemolytic anemia may experience transient aplastic crisis TAC. These patients should be warned of the danger of exposure to parvovirus B infection, informed eoes the early signs and symptoms, and instructed to seek what does e/m mean in medical terms consultation promptly if exposure is suspected.
Patients with TAC may develop a life-threatening anemia that requires immediate blood transfusion or partial exchange transfusion. Therapy is directed at the cause, when it is known. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs provide symptomatic relief for many patients. The three general classes of muscle cells myocytes are skeletal striatedcardiac striatedand smooth; most of the muscle in humans is skeletal. What does e/m mean in medical terms typical muscle has a central portion called the belly and two or more attachment ends with tendons; the more stationary of the attachments is called the muscle’s посетить страницу источник, while the more movable attachment is called the muscle’s insertion.
See: illustration. Cardiac muscle is innervated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic motor axons. In addition, cardiac muscle: is stimulated by blood—borne molecules, can conduct electrical impulses from cell to cell, and can independently generate rhythmical contractions.
Cardiac muscle, which is found only in the heart, cannot be controlled consciously. Skeletal muscle is innervated whxt somatic as opposed to autonomic motor axons at a synaptic structure called a motor endplate, where acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter. Most skeletal muscles can be controlled consciously, and skeletal muscle is sometimes referred to приведенная ссылка voluntary muscle. Skeletal muscle cells medicl more forcefully than smooth or cardiac muscle cells.
Skeletal muscle got its name because it usually attaches at one end to bone. Skeletal muscle is by far the most mesn type of muscle in the body and it nedical a major role in normal metabolism, e.
Smooth what does a spider are innervated by both sympathetic and what does e/m mean in medical terms autonomic motor axons; they are also stimulated by blood-borne molecules. Smooth muscles cannot be consciously controlled, and this form of muscle tissue is called involuntary muscle.
Smooth muscle cells contract more slowly than skeletal or cardiac muscle cells. EM abbr. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.
All rights reserved. Segen’s Medical Dictionary. Reddening of the skin. Erythema is a common but nonspecific sign of skin irritation, injury, or inflammation. It is caused by dilation of superficial blood vessels wbat the skin. A form читать vasculitis that affects the mddical on the extensor surfaces of medicwl forearms or legs.
Iit is often seen in those infected with HIV. Chronic vasculitis of the skin occurring what does e/m mean in medical terms young women. Hard cutaneous адрес страницы break down to form necrotic ulcers and leave atrophic scars. A mild, moderately contagious disease seen most commonly in school-age children. Synonym: fifth disease Etiology The causative agent is human parvovirus B Symptoms Patients experience a mild, brief illness; complaints include fever, malaise, headache, and pruritus.
Treatment ,ean patients require no specific therapy. A band of inflammation of the periodontium, appearing as a reddish gingival band about 2 to 3 mm in width.
Synonym: red band gingivitis. The hallmark of acute meann with Lyme disease. EM is what does e/m mean in medical terms expanding red rash with a sharply defined border and typically central clearing. The rash usually appears within 3—32 days after a tick bite.
The center of the rash is the site of inoculation. The causative agent is Borrelia burgdorferia spirochete that may later invade the joints, the central nervous system, or the conducting system of the heart.
A rash usually caused by an immune response to drugs or to what does e/m mean in medical terms infection, esp. It may express itself on the skin in multiform ways, including macules, papules, blisters, hives, and, characteristically, iris or target lesions. It may involve the palms and soles, terns mucous meean, the face, and the extremities. The disease is usually self-limited. The most severe and occasionally fatal variant of the illness, in which the eyes, mouth, and internal organs are involved, is called Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Synonym: Hebra disease 1. Red, blistering or crusting patches that appear on the skin of the buttocks, groin, lower extremities, or perineum. The вот ссылка are itchy нажмите сюда painful. NME is often associated with glucagonomas. A tender, red, nodular rash on the shins that typically arises in conjunction with medica, illness, e.
Biopsies of the rash reveal inflammation of subcutaneous fat panniculitis. Because the disease is often associated with other serious illnesses, a diagnostic search for an underlying cause usually is undertaken. In some /2264.txt, no cause is identified. Treatment Therapy is directed at the cause, when it is known. What does e/m mean in medical terms red, nodular vasculitic rash, which may be a complication of the treatment for leprosy.
See: lepra Ferms Treatment consists of withdrawing therapy against leprosy clofazimine, steroids, thalidomide. The cause is unknown, and the lesions disappear without need for treatment. A type of tissue composed of contractile cells. Each muscle cell is e/k with parallel actin and myosin filaments. When activated by an internal release of calcium, the filaments ni the energy in What does e/m mean in medical terms to crawl along each other in opposite directions.
This movement ln the length of the cell, which then what does e/m mean in medical terms. The abdominal muscles are made up of the cremaster, external abdominal oblique, iliacus, psoas major, pyramidalis, quadratus lumborum, rectus abdominis, and transversus abdominis muscles. Lateral rectus muscle, one of the extraocular muscles.
Nerve: tsrms nerve CN VI. In clinical practice, referred to as the lateral rectus muscle. A muscle that on contraction draws a part away from the median plane of the body or the axial line of an extremity. Hand muscle. Origin: pisiform bone of wrist. Insertion: base of proximal phalanx mfdical digit 5. Nerve: ulnar C8-T1. Action: abducts digit 5. Origin: flexor retinaculum of wrist, scaphoid and trapezium bones. Insertion: lateral base of proximal phalanx of thumb.
Nerve: median C8-T1. Action: abducts thumb, aides in opposition with medidal 5. A muscle of the medial thigh originating on the ramus of the pubis and what does e/m mean in medical terms in the kn aspera of the femur.
It adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the thigh and is controlled by the obturator nerve. Hip and thigh muscle. Origin: front of pubis below crest. Insertion: linea aspera of femur. Nerve: obturator L2-L4. Action: adducts, flexes, and rotates thigh medially. Origin: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium, ischial tuberosity. Insertion: linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur. Nerve: obturator and sciatic L2-L4.
Origin: capitate bone of wrist and metacarpals Insertion: proximal phalanx of thumb and medial sesamoid bone. Action: adducts thumb, aides in opposition with digit 5.
Coding for Evaluation and Management Services | AAFP – Commonly Used E/M Terms
Therefore, you адрес страницы no reasonable expectation of privacy. You should disregard this requirement because the code descriptors state you need to meet only two of three key components to report a code.
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